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For botanists, Cannabis sativa is a species of the botanical genus Cannabis to which scientists have attributed the specific epithet sativa (feminine form of Sativus, sativa, sativum, which means "cultivated" in Latin) as is the case with other cultivated plant species.
This plant may have three common names (in the sense of scientific popularization) in French: chanvre, cultivated hemp or cannabis.
In some regions of metropolitan France, this species is also called chènevis, like the seed of the plant or hemp hemp. In Reunion Island, it is called zamal, a word derived from the Malagasy word jamala with the same pronunciation, and locally amale, hemp or gandia.
To be qualified as "industrial hemp", and thus be legally cultivated in France, the cultivated hemp must be of a variety with a THC content of less than or equal to 0.2%. Today's industrial hemp varieties are lower in height, are more delicate and give lower quality fibres than hemp grown until the 1950s for use in all areas of everyday life. This ancient agricultural hemp could reach a height of five metres and had a THC content of about 5%.
After retting the stems, the straw of the cultivated hemp gives the hemp fibre (periphery of the stem) and the hemp pith (central part, pith). Once carded, the fibre gives the hemp wool.
By extension, the fibre obtained from this cultivated species, or neighbouring wild species, is also called hemp.
The term "Indian hemp" is preferably used to refer to tropical forms with a high THC content and intended to provide the flowers used in the preparation of hashish8. Cannabis sativa is also referred to more simply as hashish (or hashish), herb or marijuana when it refers to recreational hemp rather than botanicals.